Ryan: Can you share a glimpse of your maritime journey, what inspired you to embark on a career in this industry?
Michael: I am not sure if many know that my previous roles were not related to Shipping. I had a fantastic career in the tech sector and worked for Hewlett-Packard (HP) for over 25 yrs and most of those years were not in Singapore, but in the US, Spain, and Korea. I decided to step away from the Technology Sector at the peak of my career to gain control of my work/life balance. A head-hunter found me this role in the year 2014.
Norway Night - 2019 (Photo: Michael Phoon)
Ryan: As the Executive Director of the Singapore Shipping Association, what are the key challenges and opportunities you foresee in the current maritime landscape?
Michael: This a huge open question, because the situation continues to evolve. And I will answer in bullet point form:
For Challenges,
Environmental Regulations and Sustainability: Stringent environmental regulations and the need for sustainable practices pose challenges for the industry. Compliance with emissions standards, ballast water management, and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions are significant concerns.
Digital Transformation: The maritime industry has been relatively slow in adopting digital technologies. Incorporating digitalization, automation, and data analytics presents challenges in terms of investment, integration, and workforce adaptation
Cybersecurity Risks: Needless to say, with Digitalization, comes the need for Cybersecurity measures. IIncreased reliance on digital technologies exposes the industry to cybersecurity threats. Cyber attacks on vessel systems, port operations, and supply chain networks are concerns that require constant vigilance.
Supply Chain Disruptions: Global events, such as pandemics (like COVID-19), geopolitical tensions, and natural disasters, can disrupt the global supply chain, impacting shipping operations and logistics. We have witnessed the Suez Canal blockage by a container ship that grounded itself, the Panama Canal affected by environmental factors (low water levels), and we have witnessed the ongoing war between Ukraine and Russia, and the present Israeli-Hamas conflict. No doubt preservation of the supply chain will be clearly important for every nation/economy affected by these disruptions.
Infrastructure Limitations: Port congestion, outdated infrastructure, and limited capacity in certain regions can lead to inefficiencies and delays, affecting the overall performance of the maritime supply chain.
On the flipside, there are Opportunities.
Digitalization and IoT: Embracing digital technologies, the Internet of Things (IoT), and data analytics can enhance efficiency, optimize routes, and improve overall operations. Smart shipping and autonomous vessels present opportunities for innovation.
Alternative Fuels and Green Technologies: The push for sustainable shipping is driving research and development into alternative fuels, such as LNG (liquefied natural gas), biofuels, and hydrogen. Investing in green technologies and energy-efficient vessels can lead to competitive advantages.
Blockchain for Transparency: With my Tech background, I cannot ignore that Blockchain will continue to be the building block for ‘transactional trust’. Blockchain technology has the potential to increase transparency and traceability in the supply chain. It can streamline documentation processes, reduce fraud, and enhance collaboration among stakeholders.
Decentralized Finance (DeFi) in Shipping: The integration of decentralized finance (DeFi) concepts in maritime finance can potentially streamline and democratize access to capital, making financial transactions more efficient and inclusive. I am not sure if this will be the buzzword in time to come.
Adaptation to E-commerce Growth: The growth of e-commerce is leading to increased demand for efficient and reliable shipping services. Maritime companies that can adapt to the changing demands of online retail and last-mile delivery stand to benefit.
Collaboration and Alliances: Collaborative efforts and strategic alliances among shipping companies, ports, and logistics providers can help address common challenges, optimize routes, and reduce operational costs.
Training and Workforce Development: Investing in training programs and workforce development can address the skills gap and prepare maritime professionals for the evolving industry landscape, especially in the context of digitalization and automation.
It's important to note that the industry is dynamic, and new challenges and opportunities may have emerged as I write this.
Dr. Lam Pin Min, John Hahn (Ocean Freight Exchange), Richard Koh (Microsoft), Melissa Kee (Kuok Singapore), and moderator SSA Executive Director Michael PHOON - Singapore Maritime Dialogue 2019 (Photo: SSA Twitter)
Ryan: With the evolution of technology and sustainability becoming focal points, how is the Singapore Shipping Association contributing to the industry's advancement in these areas?
Michael: The SSA’s mission is : Navigating the Future and this means for our members and for the industry. The SSA has been actively involved in addressing sustainability and technology adoption challenges in the shipping industry. Here are some ways in which the SSA was contributing to sustainability and technology adoption :
On Sustainability Initiatives:
Collaboration and Advocacy: The SSA collaborates with industry stakeholders, government bodies, and international organizations to advocate for sustainable practices The SSA has been involved in promoting green and sustainable practices within the maritime sector. We work with the MPA and have incorporated Green Shipping recognition/awards to shipowners in our SRS (Singapore Registery of Ships), when companies/shipowners have initiatives to reduce carbon emissions, improve energy efficiency, and adopt cleaner technologies.
Education and Training: The SSA has organized workshops on sustainability, calculating carbon footprint, and understanding how to identify Scope 1, Scope 2 and Scope 3 sustainability practices. These are aimed at raising awareness about sustainable practices and providing insights into adopting environmentally friendly measures.
On Technology Adoption:
Digitalization Awareness and Adoption : The SSA has formally set up a Digital Transformation Committee (DTC) in 2020, to raise awareness and promote the adoption of digital technologies and smart shipping practices. This includes encouraging the use of data analytics, IoT devices, and automation to enhance efficiency, improve safety, and reduce operational costs.
Connecting Maritime Technology Solution Providers to Members : To widen the circle of awareness, the SSA had created a new tier of SSA membership, where eligible, Maritime Tech and Digital Solution Providers can be a Tech Start-Up member
Industry Forums and Events:The SSA have had a successful run in our SSA Tech and Demo Day seminars, bringing together industry best practise sharing, and maritime digital solution providers to explore opportunities for technological advancements. These platforms facilitate knowledge exchange and collaboration among stakeholders.
International Safety @ Sea conference 2018 (Photo: mpa.gov.sg)
Ryan: How do you envision the future of maritime, especially concerning Singapore's role as a key maritime hub?
Michael: Envisioning the future of maritime, particularly in the context of Singapore's role as a key maritime hub, involves considering several trends and potential developments. It is important that we keep in mind that the following predictions are speculative, and the actual trajectory of the maritime industry will depend on various factors.
Technological Advancements: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is here to stay and AI will continue to have major impact across all sectors and our way of life.
Smart Shipping: The integration of advanced technologies, such as AI, IoT, and automation, is likely to continue. Singapore's maritime industry may see increased adoption of smart shipping practices, including autonomous vessels and smart port solutions.
Digital Platforms: Enhanced digital platforms may emerge to optimize shipping operations, streamline logistics, and improve communication among stakeholders. Blockchain and other distributed ledger technologies may be utilized for secure and transparent transactions.
Sustainability and Green Initiatives: Just like the SSA (I say the following with a huge cheeky grin) Singapore prides itself in having a track record to always anticipate and be ready for the future and that means Singapore will find ways to be part of the Alternative Energy/Fuel agenda.
Alternative Fuels: Singapore is a major fuel hub in Asia, outside of the the US (Houston) and Middle East ( Fujairah). Given the global push for sustainability, Singapore's maritime hub is expected to see increased adoption of alternative fuels such as LNG, biofuels, and hydrogen etc.
Port Infrastructure: Investments in eco-friendly port infrastructure, including shore power facilities, may become more prevalent. With the Next Generation Tuas Port being built in phases, Singapore wants to position itself as a leader in sustainable port development, attracting environmentally conscious shipping companies.
Global Supply Chain Dynamics - This mustn’t be left out as Singapore is an important global port. So the next few points are :
Resilience and Agility: The future of maritime in Singapore may involve a focus on building resilient and agile supply chains. The industry may see increased efforts to mitigate the impact of external shocks, such as pandemics, geopolitical events, and natural disasters, through improved logistics and risk management (these I have mentioned in above Question 2 on the point of Supply Chain Disruptions)
E-commerce Integration: With the continued growth of e-commerce, Singapore's maritime sector may play a crucial role in supporting global trade flows related to online retail. This could lead to increased demand for efficient last-mile delivery solutions and enhanced connectivity between maritime and land-based logistics. We are already seeing this in our midst. Major shipping companies are acquiring assets up and down the value chain of the physical supply chain today.
Next, I will say is the need for Regulatory Changes and International Collaboration.
Compliance with Regulations: Singapore is likely to adapt to and comply with evolving international maritime regulations, including those related to emissions, safety, and security. The industry is already witnessing further collaborations of MPA between governments and port administrations for Green Shipping Corridors. Continued collaborations with other maritime and internal shipping organizations, and industry stakeholders to address global challenges.
Digital Standards: The establishment of digital standards for documentation, communication, and data exchange may become more widespread, enhancing interoperability and efficiency in global maritime operations. We will look forward to what Singapore will do to further the cooperation across major maritime nations to adopt and accept electronic transferable documents/instruments
Singapore is a tiny nation and it will be important for the country to not forget about Human Capital and Training.
Skills Development: The future of Singapore's maritime industry may involve a focus on skills development and continuous training to meet the demands of a technologically advanced and rapidly evolving sector.
Singapore sits between the East and West and we are an important node in Global Shipping Trade route. And so Singapore must continue to pay attention to the Global Economic Trends, such as, Trade Growth. Economic growth and trade expansion, particularly in the Asia-Pacific region, would likely contribute to the sustained importance of Singapore as a key maritime hub. The maritime industry in Singapore may benefit from increased trade volumes and shipping activities.
Michael Phoon moderating the panel discussion on "Embracing digitalization without compromising the safety of the vessel and crew onboard" at International Safety @ Sea Conference 2019 - Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (Photo: SSA Twitter)
Ryan: In your role, what strategies and collaborations do you believe are essential for navigating the complexities of the contemporary maritime business environment?
Michael: Navigating the complexities of the contemporary maritime business environment requires a combination of strategic approaches and collaborations. Here are key strategies and collaborations that are essential:
A. Digital Transformation:
Strategy: Embrace digitalization across the entire value chain. Invest in technologies such as IoT, data analytics, and automation to enhance operational efficiency, improve decision-making, and optimize resource utilization.
Collaboration: Form partnerships with technology providers, startups, and industry experts. Collaborate with other stakeholders in the maritime ecosystem to establish digital standards and ensure interoperability.
B.. Sustainable Practices:
Strategy: Develop and implement sustainable practices to address environmental concerns and regulatory requirements. Invest in eco-friendly technologies, alternative fuels, and energy-efficient vessel designs.
Collaboration: Collaborate with industry associations, environmental organizations, and government bodies to stay informed about sustainability regulations. Engage in partnerships for research and development of green technologies.
C. Supply Chain Resilience:
Strategy: Build resilient and agile supply chains to mitigate disruptions. Implement robust risk management practices and diversify supply chain sources.
Collaboration: Collaborate closely with logistics providers, ports, and other stakeholders to enhance visibility and coordination in the supply chain. Participate in industry forums to share best practices and insights on supply chain resilience.
D. Regulatory Compliance:
Strategy: Stay proactive in understanding and complying with international and regional regulations. Establish a robust compliance management system to track and adhere to evolving requirements.
Collaboration: Engage in dialogues with regulatory authorities, industry associations, and classification societies. Collaborate with peers to share experiences and insights on regulatory compliance.
E. Cybersecurity Preparedness:
Strategy: Implement robust cybersecurity measures to protect against potential threats. Train employees on cybersecurity best practices and conduct regular assessments of systems and networks.
Collaboration: Collaborate with cybersecurity experts, share threat intelligence within the industry, and participate in initiatives that address cybersecurity challenges collectively. Collaborate with technology providers to enhance cybersecurity capabilities.
F. Talent Development:
Strategy: Invest in talent development programs to equip the workforce with the skills needed for the evolving industry landscape. Foster a culture of continuous learning and innovation.
Collaboration: Collaborate with educational institutions, industry associations, and training providers to develop relevant training programs. Engage in partnerships to address the skills gap and promote workforce development.
G. Industry Collaboration and Alliances:
Strategy: Collaborate with other shipping companies, logistics providers, and technology firms to address common challenges and explore opportunities for mutual benefit.
Collaboration: Join industry alliances and associations to collectively address industry-wide issues. Participate in collaborative initiatives such as joint ventures, research projects, and information-sharing platforms.
H. Customer-Centric Approach:
Strategy: Adopt a customer-centric approach by understanding and meeting the evolving needs of clients. Leverage technology to enhance customer experience and provide transparent, real-time information.
Collaboration: Collaborate with customers, ports, and logistics partners to co-create solutions that address specific challenges in the supply chain. Actively seek feedback and engage in continuous improvement.
Adapting to the complexities of the contemporary maritime business environment requires a combination of strategic foresight, technological innovation, and collaborative efforts across the industry ecosystem. Regularly reassessing and adjusting strategies in response to emerging trends and challenges is also crucial for long-term success.
MOU signed between SSA and ClassNK to establish framework for cooperation on cyber security research activities - 2018
(Photo: classnk.or.jp)
Ryan: Maritime professionals often face unique challenges. What advice would you offer to those aspiring to build a successful career in the maritime sector?
Michael: Building a successful career in the maritime sector can be rewarding but comes with its own set of challenges. I have spent almost 10 years now in the maritime sector, but I humbly walk among the many shipping veterans and giants. I am not sure if I have yet earned the credentials to provide any advice. And so, from my own perspective and learnings, here are some tips and I hope these are helpful for those aspiring to excel in the maritime industry:
Education and Training: Invest in a solid educational foundation relevant to the maritime field. Pursue certifications, courses, and training programs to stay updated on industry trends and regulations.
Specialize and Stay Informed: Consider specializing in a specific aspect of the maritime industry, such as navigation, logistics, or maritime law. Stay informed about technological advancements, regulatory changes, and emerging trends.
Build Practical Experience: Seek opportunities for hands-on experience, whether through internships, apprenticeships, or entry-level positions. Practical experience is invaluable in the maritime industry and enhances your understanding of real-world challenges. I had always wanted to sail on a ship (container, tanker, bulk carrier etc..) And it is with the intention to really understand and experience the life of the seafarer (deck, bridge crew, and master), how the ship operates. It is not just being onboard, but I have made an effort to understand how the offices onshore operates as well. I have maintained an open mind, and always been asking questions whenever I interact with the industry in the operational committees that SSA manages.
Networking: Build a strong professional network by attending industry conferences, seminars, and networking events. Networking can open doors to opportunities, provide mentorship, and help you stay connected with industry professionals.
Adaptability and Resilience: The maritime industry can be dynamic and subject to various challenges. Develop adaptability and resilience to navigate through uncertainties, economic fluctuations, and unforeseen events.
Safety Awareness: I am the Vice Chair of the National Maritime Safety@ Sea Council and I feel that Safety Awareness is important too.
Develop Soft Skills: Enhance your communication, leadership, and teamwork skills. The ability to collaborate effectively with diverse teams and communicate clearly is crucial in the maritime industry.
Embrace Technology: Stay abreast of technological advancements in the maritime field. Embrace digitalization, automation, and other technological solutions to enhance efficiency and stay competitive.
Global Perspective: The maritime industry operates on a global scale. Develop a global perspective, understanding international regulations, cultural differences, and the complexities of global trade.
Continuous Learning: I find this to be really important. When I took on the role as the Executive Director for the SSA. There was no one to help me. I jumped into the deep end with no lifejacket, but I was resolute in wanting to stay afloat and commit to know the industry And so I’d say : Commit to continuous learning and professional development. The maritime industry evolves, and staying updated on industry trends and acquiring new skills will contribute to long-term success.
Ethical Conduct: Uphold high ethical standards in your professional conduct. Integrity is crucial in the maritime sector, where trust and reliability play a significant role.
Seek Mentorship: Seek guidance from experienced professionals in the industry. Having a mentor can provide valuable insights, career advice, and a support system as you navigate your maritime career.
Explore Diverse Roles: The maritime industry offers diverse career paths. Explore different roles within the sector to gain a comprehensive understanding of the industry and discover where your strengths and interests lie.
Professional Certifications: Pursue relevant professional certifications, such as those offered by maritime institutions and organizations. Certifications enhance your credibility and demonstrate your commitment to excellence. These apply to roles in Supertintendency, Ship Management, Broker and Charterers, including Shipping Finance, and Maritime Law and Insurance…. Even the future roles like “Drone operators, Data Analysts, Cyberrisk/Security Professionals will require some level of certifications.
Remember that building a successful career in the maritime industry is a journey that involves continuous learning, adaptability, and a commitment to safety and ethical conduct. Take proactive steps to develop your skills, expand your network, and stay informed about the latest developments in the field.
SSA 27th Annual General Meeting (AGM) -2023 (Photo: SSA LinkedIn)
Ryan: Considering the evolving demands of the maritime industry, how do you perceive the current hiring landscape?
Michael: As you know, Change is a constant. The hiring landscape in the maritime industry will likely be influenced by several factors, including technological advancements, sustainability initiatives, and the evolving global economic landscape. But as I had earlier shared the global general trends, and what the shipping industry is facing, these will likely be the evolving demands that will shape the hiring landscape:
Technology Integration: The maritime industry has been gradually embracing digitalization and automation. As a result, there may be an increased demand for professionals with skills in AI, data analytics, cybersecurity, and the operation of advanced maritime technologies.
Sustainability Focus: Sustainability has become a significant focus in the maritime sector due to environmental regulations and industry-wide efforts to reduce carbon emissions. Companies may be seeking professionals with expertise in green technologies, alternative fuels, and sustainable practices.
Automation and Autonomous Shipping: The adoption of automation and autonomous technologies in shipping is impacting the hiring landscape. Professionals with expertise in AI, autonomous navigation systems, remote operation technologies, and related fields may find increasing opportunities.
Cybersecurity Expertise: With the increasing reliance on digital technologies, there's a growing demand for cybersecurity professionals in the maritime industry. Companies are looking for individuals who can safeguard vessels, ports, and logistics systems from cyber threats.
Global Supply Chain Management: Professionals with expertise in supply chain management, logistics, and trade compliance remain in demand. The ability to navigate complex global supply chains, optimize routes, and mitigate risks is crucial for hiring in the maritime sector.
Regulatory Compliance: Given the dynamic nature of maritime regulations, companies may seek professionals with expertise in regulatory compliance. Individuals well-versed in international maritime laws and regulations are valuable assets for ensuring adherence to evolving standards.
Environmental Compliance and ESG: Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) considerations have become increasingly important. Companies may look for professionals who can navigate environmental compliance issues, implement ESG strategies, and contribute to sustainable practices.
Remote and Digital Work Skills: The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of remote work and digital collaboration tools. Professionals who are adept at working in digital environments and utilizing communication technologies may be highly sought after.
Multidisciplinary Skills: The evolving demands of the maritime industry may lead to a preference for professionals with multidisciplinary skills. Individuals who can bridge the gap between traditional maritime expertise and emerging technologies are likely to be in demand.
Diversity and Inclusion: The industry is recognizing the importance of diversity and inclusion. Companies may prioritize hiring practices that promote diversity in terms of gender, ethnicity, and background to bring varied perspectives to the workforce. This is real for Singapore, as being a small country, we need to be open to embrace High-value, Highly skilled talents from all over the world, as such a workforce will also bring along knowledge transfer to the local workforce, and adds vibrancy as well as diversity.
Continuous Learning and Adaptability: The maritime industry's ongoing transformation emphasizes the need for professionals who are adaptable and committed to continuous learning. Individuals who can quickly acquire new skills and stay updated on industry trends may have a competitive advantage.
The Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (MPA), the Singapore Shipping Association (SSA), and the Global Compact Network Singapore (GCNS) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on 24 September at a virtual ceremony. - 2021
(Photo: manifoldtimes.com)
Ryan: What skills and qualities do you believe are crucial for professionals seeking success in the maritime sector today?
Michael: In my interactions with the veterans during cocktail and networking sessions, the senior leadership knows that the industry they once known have been evolving Success in the contemporary maritime sector requires a combination of technical expertise, soft skills, and a proactive approach to adapt to industry changes.
These are what I have gleaned from my networking and working with senior management as well as operational management levels in the shipping industry. These are possibility some of the skills and qualities which will be crucial for professionals seeking success in the maritime sector:
Technical Proficiency in :
Navigation and Operations Skills: Understanding navigation systems, vessel operations, and maritime regulations is fundamental.
Engineering Expertise: For roles related to maintenance, repair, and operation of maritime equipment and systems.
IT and Digital Skills: Proficiency in using maritime technologies, data analytics, and familiarity with automation systems.
Safety Consciousness - Safety Protocols: Prioritize safety in all aspects of work, including knowledge of safety protocols, emergency response, and risk assessment.
Regulatory Compliance- Knowledge of International Regulations: Stay informed about maritime laws, environmental regulations, and international shipping standards to ensure compliance.
Environmental Awareness - Sustainability Knowledge: Understand and contribute to sustainable practices, including the use of alternative fuels and environmentally friendly technologies.
Adaptability - Flexibility: Adapt to changing conditions, regulations, and industry trends. Embrace new technologies and methods that enhance efficiency and sustainability.
Problem-Solving Skills - Critical Thinking: Analyze complex situations and make informed decisions. Problem-solving is crucial in addressing challenges that may arise during maritime operations.
Communication Skills - Clear Communication: Effective communication is essential for collaboration and ensuring safety. Clearly convey information to crew members, port authorities, and other stakeholders.
Teamwork - Collaboration: Work effectively as part of a team. The maritime sector relies on coordinated efforts, and professionals must be able to collaborate with diverse teams on vessels or in port operations.
Leadership Qualities- Decision-Making: Demonstrate sound judgment and decision-making skills, especially in emergency situations. Leadership is crucial for navigating complex maritime operations.
Global Perspective- International Awareness: Given the global nature of the maritime industry, understanding diverse cultures, trade routes, and international business practices is advantageous.
Risk Management - Risk Assessment: Evaluate and manage risks associated with maritime operations, including weather conditions, piracy threats, and geopolitical factors.
Continuous Learning - Commitment to Professional Development: Stay updated on industry trends, new technologies, and regulatory changes. Commit to lifelong learning to enhance skills and knowledge.
Digital Literacy - Tech Savvy: Embrace digitalization, automation, and emerging technologies. Proficiency in using digital tools for communication, navigation, and data analysis is increasingly important.
Customer Service Orientation - Client Relations: Professionals involved in logistics and shipping operations should possess customer service skills to meet client expectations and address inquiries.
Ethical Conduct- Integrity: Uphold high ethical standards in all professional conduct. Trust and reliability are crucial in the maritime industry.
Crisis Management - Emergency Response: Be well-versed in emergency response procedures and crisis management. Preparedness is essential for handling unforeseen challenges.
Cultural Sensitivity - Interpersonal Skills: Demonstrate cultural sensitivity and effective communication when working with diverse crews and international stakeholders.
Physical Fitness - Health and Wellness: And in particular this applies if you are considering a career at sea. Given the physical demands of working at sea, maintaining good physical fitness and overall wellness is important for professionals in roles such as seafarers.
Success in the maritime sector involves a combination of these skills and qualities, along with a commitment to ongoing learning and adaptation to industry changes. Professionals who excel in both technical and soft skills while embracing sustainability and technological advancements are well-positioned for a successful career in the evolving maritime landscape.
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